Named for the sea it so perfectly evokes, aquamarine is the birthstone for March and one of the most serene gemstones in the jewellery world. Its cool, watery blue has been prized for centuries — by sailors, poets and royalty alike. This guide explores aquamarine's origins, the legends around it, its varieties and how to care for it.
Aquamarine is the blue-to-blue-green variety of the mineral beryl (the same family as emerald), coloured by traces of iron. It is the March birthstone and the gem of the 19th wedding anniversary, rates 7.5–8 on the Mohs hardness scale, and takes its name from the Latin aqua marina, meaning "sea water." The most valued stones show a pure, saturated blue.
Origins and where it is found
Aquamarine forms in granite pegmatites and is found in some of the largest, cleanest crystals of any coloured gemstone — which is why beautifully eye-clean aquamarines are widely available. Major sources include Brazil, Nigeria, Madagascar, Zambia, Mozambique and Pakistan. Its name comes from the Latin for "sea water," a nod to the tranquil blue that has always been its signature.
Myths and meaning
Ancient sailors carried aquamarine as a talisman to keep them safe and calm the waves, believing it was treasure from mermaids. Over the centuries it has been associated with clarity, courage, honesty and lasting love — which is part of why it endures as a romantic gift. As the 19th-anniversary gemstone, it symbolises a calm, steady partnership.
Colour, clarity and varieties
- Colour — ranges from the palest sky blue to a deep, saturated blue-green. The stronger and purer the blue, the more valuable the stone.
- Clarity — aquamarine is typically very clean, so eye-clean stones are the norm rather than the exception.
- Cut — emerald cuts and elongated shapes show off its clarity and colour beautifully, though it is cut in every popular shape.
- Carat — large stones are relatively available, so size need not mean a sharp jump in price per carat.
Wearing and caring for aquamarine
At 7.5–8 on the Mohs scale, aquamarine is durable enough for pendants and necklaces, earrings and occasional-wear rings, though it is softer than diamond, so protect it from knocks in an everyday ring. Clean it with warm soapy water and a soft brush, and avoid harsh chemicals and prolonged strong sunlight, which can affect its colour over time. Pairing aquamarine with diamond accents adds sparkle and contrast — see how the 4Cs work in our diamond education guides.
Frequently asked questions
What month is aquamarine the birthstone for?
Aquamarine is the birthstone for March, and it is also the traditional gemstone for a 19th wedding anniversary.
Is aquamarine related to emerald?
Yes. Both are varieties of the mineral beryl. Emerald is coloured green by chromium or vanadium, while aquamarine is coloured blue by iron.
Is aquamarine hard enough for everyday jewellery?
It is reasonably hard (7.5–8), making it well suited to earrings and pendants. For a ring worn daily, choose a protective setting and treat it with a little care.
Looking for a diamond piece to complement a birthstone gift? Explore our engagement rings and earrings collections. You may also enjoy Aquamarine Unveiling The Serene Beauty Of March'S Captivating Birthstone and The Beauty Of Pink Diamonds.
